寒い (さむい) — cold (weather)

寒さむい cold (weather)

Frequency #1184 Frequency rank among common Japanese words. Lower number = more common. Grade 3 2 characters i-adjective weather

samui

さむい

Pitch高低アクセント — Tokyo-dialect pitch accent. The number is the drop position: 0 = heiban (no drop), 1 = atamadaka (drops after 1st mora), N = drops after Nth mora. The line above each mora marks high pitch; below, low. さむい[2] nakadaka 中高

Synth audio is approximate — the diagram is the canonical reference.

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Meanings

cold (weather)

Explained in simple Japanese

冬(ふゆ)のように空気(くうき)がつめたいようす。

Easy Japanese for learners, with furigana. AI-generated.

Adjective forms

Non-past covers present and future. Expand a form to see its plain, polite, affirmative and negative versions, where available. Some forms have multiple variants.

Na-adjectives use forms of だ. Conjectural and imperative forms can be formal or literary; everyday usage depends on context.

Compare conjugations

Non-past (present / future)

Plain · Affirmative

寒い

さむい

samui

Plain · Negative

寒くない

さむくない

samukunai

Polite · Affirmative

寒いです

さむいです

samuidesu

Polite · Negative

寒くないです

さむくないです

samukunaidesu

Alternative variant

寒くありません

さむくありません

samukuarimasen

Past

Plain · Affirmative

寒かった

さむかった

samukatta

Plain · Negative

寒くなかった

さむくなかった

samukunakatta

Polite · Affirmative

寒かったです

さむかったです

samukattadesu

Polite · Negative

寒くなかったです

さむくなかったです

samukunakattadesu

Alternative variant

寒くありませんでした

さむくありませんでした

samukuarimasendeshita

Te-form (connecting)

Plain · Affirmative

寒くて

さむくて

samukute

Plain · Negative

寒くなくて

さむくなくて

samukunakute

Provisional (〜ば)

Plain · Affirmative

寒ければ

さむければ

samukereba

Plain · Negative

寒くなければ

さむくなければ

samukunakereba

Causative (make / cause to be)

Plain · Affirmative

寒くさせる

さむくさせる

samukusaseru

Conjectural (probably)

Plain · Affirmative

寒かろう

さむかろう

samukarou

Polite · Affirmative

寒いでしょう

さむいでしょう

samuideshou

Conditional (〜たら)

Plain · Affirmative

寒かったら

さむかったら

samukattara

Plain · Negative

寒くなかったら

さむくなかったら

samukunakattara

Alternative (〜たり)

Plain · Affirmative

寒かったり

さむかったり

samukattari

Kanji UsedColors show the reading used in this word: blue = on’yomi (Chinese-derived), green = kun’yomi (native Japanese), purple = nanori (name readings), amber = jukujikun (whole-word readings). Uncolored tiles have no identified reading type.

さむ寒 cold

Related Words

Words with 寒 (8)

寒(さむ) samu cold 寒(さむ)さ samusa coldness 寒(かん)冷(れい) kanrei cold 寒(かん)暖(だん)計(けい) kandankei thermometer 寒(かん)気(き) kanki cold 寒(さむ)気(け) samuke chill 寒(かん)波(ぱ) kanpa cold wave 悪(お)寒(かん) okan chill

Grammar Points

Grammar patterns commonly used with 寒い.

から Particles

from (origin in time or space)

です Auxiliaries

polite copula (is / are / am)

〜と Conditionals

whenever / when (natural / inevitable consequence)

〜かった Adjective forms

i-adjective plain past affirmative

〜くない Adjective forms

i-adjective plain negative

〜になる Sentence patterns

become X

Remember 寒い

Meanings

Explained in simple Japanese

Adjective forms

Kanji UsedColors show the reading used in this word: blue = on’yomi (Chinese-derived), green = kun’yomi (native Japanese), purple = nanori (name readings), amber = jukujikun (whole-word readings). Uncolored tiles have no identified reading type.

Related Words

Words with 寒 (8)

Grammar Points

Sharing same tag — weather

Kanji

Words

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