つらい (つらい) — painful, bitter, heart-breaking
Ghi nhớ つらい
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Học Lớp 1 miễn phí. Các lớp khác cần Pro.
Nghĩa
- painful
- bitter
- heart-breaking
Adjective forms
Non-past covers present and future. Expand a form to see its plain, polite, affirmative and negative versions, where available. Some forms have multiple variants.
Na-adjectives use forms of だ. Conjectural and imperative forms can be formal or literary; everyday usage depends on context.
Compare conjugationsNon-past (present / future)
Plain · Affirmative
つらい
tsurai
Plain · Negative
つらくない
tsurakunai
Polite · Affirmative
つらいです
tsuraidesu
Polite · Negative
つらくないです
tsurakunaidesu
Alternative variant
つらくありません
tsurakuarimasen
Past
Plain · Affirmative
つらかった
tsurakatta
Plain · Negative
つらくなかった
tsurakunakatta
Polite · Affirmative
つらかったです
tsurakattadesu
Polite · Negative
つらくなかったです
tsurakunakattadesu
Alternative variant
つらくありませんでした
tsurakuarimasendeshita
Te-form (connecting)
Plain · Affirmative
つらくて
tsurakute
Plain · Negative
つらくなくて
tsurakunakute
Provisional (〜ば)
Plain · Affirmative
つらければ
tsurakereba
Plain · Negative
つらくなければ
tsurakunakereba
Causative (make / cause to be)
Plain · Affirmative
つらくさせる
tsurakusaseru
Conjectural (probably)
Plain · Affirmative
つらかろう
tsurakarou
Polite · Affirmative
つらいでしょう
tsuraideshou
Conditional (〜たら)
Plain · Affirmative
つらかったら
tsurakattara
Plain · Negative
つらくなかったら
tsurakunakattara
Alternative (〜たり)
Plain · Affirmative
つらかったり
tsurakattari